Implementing a Collaborative Sepsis Protocol on the Time to Antibiotics in an Emergency Department of a Saudi Hospital: Quasi Randomized Study

Table 2

Patients characteristics and clinical data.

Variables	Results		𝑃 value
	Preintervention group 46	Postintervention group 108
Age	71.7±18.9	66.2±18.8	0.13
Sex (male)	24 (51)	61 (55)	0.31
Septic shock	26 (55)	80 (71)	0.06
Sepsis screening
Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg)	60.4±16.3	56.9±9.9	0.71
Heart rate (beats/min)	109±22.0	104±23.7	0.09
Respiratory rate (breaths/min)	24.0±6.0	24.8±7.2	0.74
Temperature (°C)	36.9±1.2	37.2±1.2	0.66
Lactate mmol/L	3.6±2.5	3.5±2.5	0.66
Severity of illness
APACHE II	20.4±7.4	20.7±5.6	0.29
Comorbid conditions
Diabetes mellitus	31 (66)	72 (64)	0.72
Hypertension	33 (70)	76 (68)	0.6
Chronic kidney disease	7 (15)	16 (14)	0.8
Malignancy	6 (13)	13 (11)	0.6
Source of infection
Urinary tract	14 (30)	27 (24)	0.36
Pneumonia	13 (28)	40 (36)	0.14
Abdomen	7 (15)	13 (12)	0.12
Soft tissue and skin	3 (7)	9 (8)	0.87
Others, with undetermined source	5 (11)	9 (8)	0.64
Mixed (>one source)	4 (9)	14 (12)	0.79

Results expressed as mean ± SD or 𝑛 (%); APACHE: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation.