Is There Any Association between PEEP and Upper Extremity DVT?

Table 2

Univariable analysis of predictors of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis.

Predictors	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	value
Age (years)	1.023	0.998–1.049	0.065
Male gender	0.798	0.351–1.815	0.59
BMI ≥ 40 (kg/m^2)	3.552	1–12.654	0.04
Atrial fibrillation	1.276	0.299–5.444	0.71^*
Bedridden prior to admission	1.878	0.564–6.604	0.29
CAD	1.079	0.260–4.459	1^*
CHF	4.2	1.223–14.422	0.023
COPD	0.619	0.189–2.032	0.58^*
CVC/PICC	2.180	0.678 – 7.006	0.21
DM	0.615	0.257–1.466	0.27
ESRD	2.406	0.740–7.822	0.14
Home anticoagulation	1.384	0.569–3.364	0.47
INR on admission	0.996	0.827–1.198	0.94
Malignancy	1.794	0.581–5.538	0.31
Other lung disease	0.526	0.107–2.580	0.42^*
Sepsis	1.626	0.682–3.878	0.266
VTE in the past	0.822	0.157–4.305	1^*
VTE thromboprophylaxis in hospital	0.852	0.338–2.141	0.73
Duration of MV (days)	0.944	0.044–0.893	0.05
Duration of MV ≥ 13 days	0.339	0.131–0.876	0.026
Average PEEP over 7 days (cm H2O)	0.988	0.859–1.136	0.86
Average PEEP over 3 days (cm H2O)	0.964	0.839–1.108	0.60
Average PEEP over 7 days <10 cm H2O	1	0.349–2.859	1
Average PEEP over 3 days ≥10 cm H2O	0.459	0.143–1.474	0.21

BMI: body mass index, CAD: coronary artery disease, CHF: congestive heart failure, COPD: chronic obstructive airway disease, CVC: central venous catheter, DM: diabetes mellitus, ESRD: end-stage renal disease, PEEP: positive end expiratory pressure, PICC: peripherally inserted central catheter, and VTE: venous thromboembolism.
^* value was calculated with Fischer’s exact test.