Review Article

Updates in Refractory Status Epilepticus

Table 1

Etiologies of status epilepticus.

Broadly defined etiologies of status epilepticus
Known
 (i) Acute
 (ii) Remote
 (iii) Progressive
 (iv) In defined electroclinical syndromes
Unknown
Specific etiologies of status epilepticus
Cerebrovascular diseases
CNS infections
Neurodegenerative diseases
Intracranial tumors
Cortical dysplasias
Head trauma
Alcohol related
Intoxication
Withdrawal of or low levels of AEDs
Cerebral hypoxia or anoxia
Metabolic disturbances
Autoimmune disorders
Mitochondrial diseases