Economic Disparities: SPARK Ohio and Narrowing the Kindergarten Readiness Gap

Table 1

Early childhood programs outcomes.

	SPARK Ohio	HighScope/Perry Preschool Project	Abecedarian Project	Chicago Child-Parent Centers	Parents as Teachers	Nurse-Family Partnership
Short/Intermediate Outcomes
Developmental
Motor development	X	X			X
Language acquisition	X	X	X; (preschool only)	X	X	X; (Colorado participants)
Improved social behaviors	X	X	X	X	X	X
Academic
Literacy	X	X		X	X
Reduction of Special Education Needs	X	X	X	X
Increased learning engagement	X	X; (identified as “initiative”)		X	X
Long-term Outcomes
Academic
High school graduation	Data not yet available	X		X
College enrollment	Data not yet available		X	X
Bachelor’s Attainment	Data not yet available		X
Societal
Household Financial Stability	Data not yet available	X	X	X		X
Lower arrest rates	Data not yet available	X		X		X; (New York participants)