Comparative Lipid-Lowering/Increasing Efficacy of 7 Statins in Patients with Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Diseases, or Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analyses of 50 Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 1

General characteristics of studies included in the network meta-analyses.

Study	Group (treatment)	No. of subjects	Mean age	Disease status	Country	Population	Follow-up duration	Outcomes
Zhu et al. [36]	ATO (20 mg); PLA	86		Ischemic stroke	China	Chinese	6 months	LDL-C, TC, TG
Tunçez et al. [37]	ATO (80 mg); ROS (40 mg)	63	(ATO); (ROS)	Acute myocardial infarction	Turkey	Turk	4 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC
Thondapu et al. [38]	ATO (20 mg); ROS (10 mg)	43	54.2 (ATO); 57.5 (ROS)	De novo coronary artery disease	USA, Japan, and Korea	UNK	1 year	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Mostafa et al. [17]	ATO (80 mg); ROS (40 mg)	100	(ATO); (ROS)	Acute coronary syndrome/dyslipidemia	Arab Republic of Egypt	Egyptians	1 month	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Zhao and Peng 2017 [24]	ATO (10 mg); ROS (5 mg, 10 mg)	414		Hypercholesterolemia	China	Chinese	6 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB
Canas et al. [39]	PLA; ATO	38		Type 1 diabetes	USA	American	6 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Aydin et al. [40]	ATO (80 mg); ROS (20 mg)	120		ST elevation myocardial infarction	Turkey	Turk	40 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Moezzi et al. [18]	PLA; SIM (40 mg)	77	20-88	Dyslipidemia	Iran	Iranian	1 month	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC
Correa et al. [41]	SIM (40 mg); PLA	79	18-70	Hypertension	Brazil	Brazilian	6 months	LDL-C
Koh et al. [42]	PLA; ROS (10 mg); PRA (40 mg)	158	UNK	Hypercholesterolemia	Korea	Korean	2 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Nozue et al. [43]	PIT (4 mg); PRA (20 mg)	164		Coronary artery disease	Japan	Japanese	8 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Nohara et al. [44]	ROS (5 mg); PRA (10 mg)	298	Adult	Carotid intima-media thickness	Japan	Japanese	24 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TG
Lee et al. [45]	ATO (20 mg); ROS (10 mg)	271	≧18 years old	Mild coronary atherosclerotic plaques	Korea	Korean	6 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Nicholls et al. [46]	ATO (80 mg); ROS (40 mg)	1578	18-75	Coronary disease	USA	American	UNK (endpoint time was during treatment)	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, ApoB, ApoA1
Saku et al. [47]	ATO (10 mg); ROS (2.5 mg); PIT (2 mg)	228	25-75	Hypercholesterolemia	Japan	Japanese	16 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TG
Hernández et al. [19]	PLA; ATO (10/40 mg)	62	45-75	Hypercholesterolemia	Spain	Spanish	3 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Tsutamoto et al. [48]	ROS (2.5 mg); ATO (5 mg)	63		Cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in nondiabetic patient with dilated cardiomyopathy	Japan	Japanese	6 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Shimabukuro et al. [49]	PIT (2 mg); ATO (10 mg)	31	30–79	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Japan	Japanese	6 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Bulbulia et al. [50]	PLA; SIM (40 mg)	20536	40-80	High risk of vascular	Britain	British	3-5 years	LDL-C, TC
Sansanayudh et al. [51]	PIT (1 mg); ATO (10 mg)	100	≧18	Hypercholesterolemia	Thailand	Thai	8 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Bellia et al. [52]	SIM (20 mg); ROS (20 mg)	29		Type 2 diabetes	Italy	Italian	4 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Su et al. [53]	SIM (40 mg); ATO (10 mg)	151	51–72	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	China	Chinese	12weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Ose et al. [25]	PIT (2 mg, 4 mg); SIM (20 mg, 40 mg)	857	18–75	Hypercholesterolemia or dyslipidemia	Russia, Norway, UK, Finland, Italy	Multiple groups	12 months	LDL-C
Kurabayashi et al. [54]	ATO (10 mg); ROS (5 mg)	405	≧20	Hypercholesterolemia	Japan	Japanese	8 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Young et al. [55]	ATO (40 mg); ROS (20 mg)	30		Coronary stenosis	Korea	Korean	1 year	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Kyeong et al. [56]	ATO (20 mg); ROS (10 mg)	117		Acute coronary syndrome	Korea	Korean	40 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Kom et al. [57]	PLA; ATO (40 mg)	24	35-60	Hypercholesterolemia	Germany	German	6 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC
Marketou et al. [58]	SIM (40 mg); ATO (40 mg)	88	35-70	Hyperlipidemia	Greece	Greek	3 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TG
Pedersen et al. [59]	SIM (20 mg); ATO (80 mg)	8888	≦80	Myocardial infarction	Europe	European	5 years	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Sirtori et al. [60]	ATO (10 mg); PRA (20 mg)	86	UNK	Hyperlipidemia	Italy	Italian	12 weeks	LDL-C
Nissen et al. [61]	PRA (40 mg); ATO (80 mg)	654	30-75	Coronary atherosclerosis	USA	American	18 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Durazzo et al. [20]	PLA; ATO (20 mg)	100	UNK	After vascular surgery	Brazil	Brazilian	45 days	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Bevilacqua et al. [62]	FLU (80 mg); ATO (20 mg)	100	45 to 71	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Italy	Italian	3 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Schwartz et al. [26]	ROS (5 mg, 10 mg); ATO (10 mg)	382	≧18	Hypercholesterolemia coronary heart disease	US; Canada	American; Canadian	12 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Colhoun et al. [63]	PLA; ATO (10 mg)	2819	40–75	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	UK; Ireland	European; Irish	4 years	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Wissen et al. [64]	SIM (40 mg); ATO (80 mg)	325	UNK	Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia	Netherland	Dutch	2 years	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Isaacsohn et al. [27]	PLA; SIM (20 mg/40 mg/80 mg)	195	18-70	Hypertriglyceridemia	USA	American	6 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC
McCrindle et al. [65]	ATO (10 mg-20 mg); PLA	187	10-17	Hypercholesterolemia	USA; Canada; Europe; South Africa	American; Canadian; European; African	26 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Kadikoylu et al. [66]	ATO (10-20 mg); SIM (10-20 mg)	61	39–74	Primary hypercholesterolemia	USA; Europe	American; European	24 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Manuel-Y-Keenoy et al. [67]	ATO (40 mg); PLA	24	UNK	Type 1 diabetes	Belgium	European	12 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Sever et al. [68]	PLA; ATO (10 mg)	10306	40–79	Hypertension	London	British	5 years	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Winkler et al. [69]	PLA; FLU (80 mg)	89	39–86	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Germany	German	8 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Tan et al. [21]	PLA; ATO (10 mg-20 mg)	80	UNK	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Hong Kong	Chinese	6 months	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC
Wang and Ting [70]	ATO (10 mg); PLA	54	60	Elevated LDL cholesterol	Taiwan	Chinese	8 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Schrott et al. [71]	PLA; ATO	22	47-72	Modestly overweight (potential tendency of dyslipidemia)	USA	American	14 days	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Serruys et al. [72]	PLA; FLU [80 mg (40 mg bid)]	1054		After successful coronary balloon angioplasty	Netherlands	Dutch	26 weeks	LDL-C
Mitropoulos et al. [28]	PLA; SIM (20 mg, 40 mg)	162	40-75	Coronary heart disease	London	British	2 years	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Lam et al. [73]	PLA; LOV (20 mg~60 mg)	34	UNK	Hypercholesterolemia	China	Chinese	1 year	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1
Contermans et al. [74]	SIM; PRA	24		Hypercholesterolemia	Holland	Dutch	18 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG
Mcdowell et al. [75]	PLA; SIM (10 mg-40 mg)	27	UNK	Primary hypercholesterolemia	Ireland	Irish	12 weeks	LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, TG, ApoB, ApoA1

PLA: placebo; SIM: simvastatin; FLU: fluvastatin; ATO: atorvastatin; ROS: rosuvastatin; LOV: lovastatin; PRA: pravastatin; PIT: pitavastatin; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; ApoA1: Human Apolipoprotein A-1; ApoB: Human Apolipoprotein B; UNK: unknown.