Research Article

Association between Cardiovascular Burden and Requirement of Intensive Care among Patients with Mild COVID-19

Table 1

Clinical features of patients with mild COVID-19.

CharacteristicAll patients ()Stable group (, 82.5%)Intensive care group (, 17.5%) value

Sex
Male, (%)132 (39.8)105 (38.3)27 (46.6)0.245
Female, (%)200 (61.2)169 (61.7)31 (53.4)0.245
Age, median (IQR)51 (40-59)50.5 (40-59)52 (42-60)0.478

Symptoms
Fever, (%)177 (63.2)142 (63.4)35 (62.5)0.901
Cough, (%)108 (38.4)88 (39.1)20 (35.7)0.640
Fatigue, (%)39 (13.9)28 (12.5)11 (19.6)0.167
Chest tightness, (%)32 (11.5)15 (6.7)17 (29.3)<0.001
Diarrhea, (%)11 (3.9)8 (3.6)3 (5.4)0.538
Headache, (%)7 (2.5)6 (2.7)1 (1.8)0.702
Sore throat, (%)4 (1.4)2 (0.9)2 (3.4)0.181
Rhinorrhea, (%)4 (1.4)4 (1.8)0 (0.0)0.587
Myalgia, (%)12 (4.3)9 (4.0)3 (5.4)0.658
Toothache, (%)2 (0.6)0 (0.0)2 (3.4)0.030

Comorbidities
CV conditions, (%)48 (14.5)25 (7.5)23 (39.7)<0.001
CHD, (%)11 (3.3)1 (0.4)10 (17.2)<0.001
Hypertension, (%)38 (11.4)21 (7.7)17 (27.9)<0.001
Diabetes, (%)11 (3.3)7 (2.6)4 (6.9)0.106
Lung disease, (%)7 (2.1)4 (1.5)3 (5.2)0.105
Radiologic abnormality,(%)201 (65.5)183 (70.1)18 (36.7)<0.001

Positive SARS-CoV-2 testing by RT-PCR
Twice or more, (%)72 (23.0)48 (18.3)24 (48.0)<0.001
Once, (%)241 (77.0)215 (81.7)26 (74)<0.001

Laboratory findings
Red blood cell count (1012/L), median (IQR)4.39 (4.05-4.73)4.39 (4.05-4.73)4.42 (4.02-4.76)0.863
White cell count (109/L), median (IQR)5.25 (4.49-6.37)5.19 (4.47-6.33)5.62 (4.88-6.58)0.058
Neutrophil count (109/L), median (IQR)3.21 (2.57-4.08)3.18 (2.55-3.98)3.49 (2.67-4.27)0.143
Lymphocyte count (109/L), median (IQR)1.61 (1.26-1.91)1.58 (1.26-1.86)1.80 (1.26-2.17)0.057
NLR, median (IQR)2.1 (1.6-2.7)2.1 (1.6-2.7)2.1 (1.5-2.8)0.911
Platelet count (109/L), median (IQR)258 (216-310)267 (218-324)223 (194-269)0.003
Hemoglobin (g/L), median (IQR)135 (125-145)135 (126-144)135 (122-145)0.781

C-reactive protein
<10.00 mg/L261 (85.0)217 (84.4)44 (88.0)0.518
≥10.00 mg/L46 (15.0)40 (15.6)6 (12.0)0.518
Median length of symptoms onset to admission (days) (IQR)12 (8-16)12 (8-15)13 (6-21)0.679
Median length of temporary hospital stay (days) (IQR)14 (10-19)14 (10-19)15 (11-21.5)0.322

IQR: interquartile range; NLR: neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; CV: cardiovascular; CHD: coronary heart disease.