Validation of Geriatric Care Environment Scale in Portuguese Nurses

Table 3

Summary of exploratory factor analysis for the Portuguese Geriatric Care Environment Scale (𝑁= 1068).

	F1	F2	F3	F4	Mean ± SD
(1) The older adults omission from care decision*	0.730				1.5±1.0
(2) Economic pressure to limit treatment or length of stay*	0.723				1.4±1.2
(3) Communication difficulties with older adults and their families*	0.719				1.6±1.0
(4) Uncertainty about who is the appropriate decision maker*	0.716				1.6±1.0
(5) Omission of nurses from geriatric care decision*	0.710				1.6±1.2
(6) Staff shortages/time constraints*	0.645				1.0±1.0
(7) Absence of (or insufficient) written geriatric policies and procedures*	0.625				1.7±1.1
(8) Little or no knowledge about care of older adults*	0.622				2.0±1.1
(9) Absence of specialized equipment*	0.603				1.4±1.2
(10) Absence of specialized services for older adults*	0.591				1.4±1.1
(11) Differences of opinion among staff (between disciplines) regarding common geriatric problems*	0.561				2.1±1.0
(12) Staff know how aging affects response to treatment		0.804			2.4±1.1
(13) Staff address geriatric issues		0.799			2.1±1.1
(14) Aging is a factor in care hospitalized older adults		0.791			2.5±1.1
(15) Provide the care that older adults need		0.693			2.1±1.1
(16) Individualized nursing care		0.661			2.4±1.0
(17) Provide the information’s that older adults need		0.635			1.8±1.1
(18) Provide the information and support to the families/caregivers		0.583			2.1±1.1
(19) Engagement of staff in the geriatric care			0.841		2.0±1.1
(20) The staff protects the rights of older adults			0.703		2.3±1.1
(21) Personal growth is stimulated			0.630		1.9±1.2
(22) Respect older adults in caring older adults			0.615		2.6±1.2
(23) The geriatric policies and guidelines are established based on the inputs of the staff			0.610		1.5±1.1
(24) Clinicians and administrators work together to solve older adults’ problems			0.547		1.3±1.0
(25) Continuity of care between hospitals is adequate				0.830	1.5±1.1
(26) Continuity of care between settings is adequate				0.562	2.0±1.8
(27) Baseline information is obtained at hospital admission				0.363	1.6±1.8
Eigenvalue	8.81	3.25	1.69	1.19
% variance	30.79	10.12	4.41	2.77	48.09
Cronbach’s α	0.894	0.885	0.827	0.738	0.919

F1: resource availability; F2: aging-sensitive care; F3: institutional values regarding older adults and staff; F4: continuity of care. *Reverse-scored item.