Intraindividual Variability in Domain-Specific Cognition and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

Table 3

Hazard ratios for IAV Cognitive Domains and IAV time (alone and controlling for baseline and slope overall cognition, EF, and verbal episodic memory) predicting MCI, probable dementia, and MCI or probable dementia.

Parameter	MCI (𝑁=74)			Probable dementia (𝑁=45)			MCI or probable dementia (𝑁=101)
	HR	95% CI	𝑃 value	HR	95% CI	𝑃 value	HR	95% CI	𝑃 value
Overall cognition	0.32	[0.25, 0.41]	<0.0001	0.25	[0.18, 0.35]	<0.0001	0.30	[0.24, 0.37]	<0.0001
EF	0.48	[0.37, 0.63]	<0.0001	0.50	[0.35, 0.70]	<0.0001	0.48	[0.38, 0.61]	<0.0001
Verbal episodic memory	0.27	[0.21, 0.35]	<0.0001	0.22	[0.16, 0.31]	<0.0001	0.29	[0.23, 0.36]	<0.0001
Standard deviation (SD); (IAV Cognitive Domains)	1.07	[0.44, 2.59]	0.8891	4.72	[1.76, 12.7]	0.0021	1.71	[0.82, 3.55]	0.1525
SD | overall cognition	1.09	[0.44, 2.71]	0.8534	4.15	[1.56, 11.0]	0.0043	1.72	[0.82, 3.61]	0.1543
SD | EF	1.23	[0.50, 3.03]	0.6596	6.46	[2.37, 17.6]	0.0003	2.06	[0.98, 4.34]	0.0567
SD | verbal episodic memory	0.45	[0.18, 1.12]	0.0865	2.19	[0.71, 6.73]	0.1727	0.77	[0.36, 1.66]	0.5011
Slope standard deviation (SD); (IAV Time)	3.13	[2.05, 4.78]	<0.0001	3.80	[2.23, 6.46]	<0.0001	3.05	[2.13, 4.36]	<0.0001
Slope SD | overall cognition	2.99	[1.98, 4.51]	<0.0001	3.96	[2.37, 6.61]	<0.0001	3.10	[2.18, 4.41]	<0.0001
Slope SD | EF	3.03	[2.04, 4.52]	<0.0001	4.27	[2.45, 7.43]	<0.0001	3.07	[2.17, 4.34]	<0.0001
Slope SD | verbal episodic memory	3.27	[2.14, 5.00]	<0.0001	4.87	[2.83, 8.38]	<0.0001	3.35	[2.35, 4.78]	<0.0001
Slope SD | overall cognition, overall slope	2.34	[1.65, 3.31]	<0.0001	2.26	[1.51, 3.38]	<0.0001	2.07	[1.53, 2.80]	<0.0001
Slope SD | EF, EF slope	3.05	[2.04, 4.57]	<0.0001	3.76	[2.37, 5.96]	<0.0001	2.89	[2.11, 3.97]	<0.0001
Slope SD | verbal episodic memory, verbal episodic memory slope	2.05	[1.34, 3.15]	0.0010	1.50	[1.01, 2.23]	0.0433	1.58	[1.16, 2.16]	0.0039
Slope SD | SD, overall cognition, EF, verbal episodic memory, overall slope, EF slope, verbal episodic memory slope	2.32	[1.46, 3.69]	0.0004	1.46	[0.84, 2.55]	0.1842	1.70	[1.16, 2.49]	0.0061