On the Role of Auditory Feedback in Robot-Assisted Movement Training after Stroke: Review of the Literature

Table 1

List of the surveyed robotic/haptic devices that use auditory feedback. Columns 3–7 list the typologies of auditory feedback used, according to the classification of Section 2. Auditory icons include environmental sounds often employed in VR applications.

Reference	Robotic/haptic device	Earcons	Auditory icons	Sonification	Speech	Spatialization
Boian et al. [100], Deutsch et al. [150]	Rutgers Ankle		X
Colombo et al. [103]	Wrist Rehabilitation Device	X
Colombo et al. [103]	Shoulder and Elbow Rehabilitation Device	X
Connor et al. [151]	AFF Joystick	X
Frisoli et al. [152]	L-Exos	X	X
Johnson et al. [99]	Driver's SEAT		X
Wisneski and Johnson [153]	HapticMaster robot (FCS Robotics)	X
Kousidou et al. [123]	Salford Rehabilitation Exoskeleton			X
Krebs and Hogan [98]	MIT-MANUS	X
Loureiro et al. [94]	GENTLE/s				X
Yeh et al. [154], Stewart et al. [155],	Phantom	X			X
Nef et al. [26], Staubli et al. [156], Brokaw et al. [157]	ARMin I, II, III	X	X
Reinkensmeyer et al. [19]	Pneu-WREX	X	X
Reinkensmeyer et al. [19]	T-WREX	X	X
Rosati et al. [158]	NeReBot	X
Shing et al. [159]	Rutgers Master II	X				X
Wellner et al. [160], Koenig et al. [161], Koritnik et al. [105]	Lokomat	X	X			X