Differential Cloud Particles Evolution Algorithm Based on Data-Driven Mechanism for Applications of ANN

Figure 3

Evolution of the mean function error values derived from PSO, PSOcf, TLBO, DE, JADE, CMA-ES, ABC, BBO, and CPDD versus the number of FES on sixteen test problems of ten variables. (a) . (b) . (c) . (d) . (e) . (f) . (g) . (h) . (i) . (j) . (k) . (l) . (m) . (n) . (o) . (p) .

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