Optimal Synthesis of Four-Bar Linkage Path Generation through Evolutionary Computation with a Novel Constraint Handling Technique

Table 7

Comparative results of Case 3 with a penalty technique.

Case 3: path generation without prescribed timing
Parameters	ABC	JADE	PBIL	TLBO	ACOR	GWO	SCA
	68.1732	19.9901	40.6029	17.7554	0.0000	59.7863	0.0000
	9.4618	5.8357	8.1608	5.0231	0.0000	5.0000	0.0000
	80.0000	43.1677	50.0664	32.9105	0.0000	74.9475	0.0000
	80.0000	50.3385	34.8760	31.2567	0.0000	30.6040	0.0000
	−1.1813	18.7411	−0.3738	5.8641	0.0000	15.4730	0.0000
	−13.1623	−25.0130	26.8058	24.6039	0.0000	80.0000	0.0000
	−1.1627	41.0708	26.7918	10.3944	0.0000	30.7488	0.0000
	16.3687	12.8362	30.3681	−16.0968	0.0000	−70.6740	0.0000
	360.0000	134.8235	99.1181	309.4384	0.0000	4.4956	0.0000
	0.0000	172.6179	32.5643	351.2755	0.0000	360.0000	0.0000
	37.4238	325.2499	72.4952	52.7076	0.0000	34.6517	0.0000
	75.2680	337.0868	88.5868	94.6252	0.0000	102.8443	0.0000
	114.8952	20.4030	112.0993	143.0734	0.0000	135.9833	0.0000
	152.8726	182.4764	173.3556	190.6071	0.0000	164.5501	0.0000
	191.5270	331.0880	201.7909	317.9020	0.0000	186.7582	0.0000
	232.1421	82.2786	258.3224	129.4480	0.0000	188.6709	0.0000
	274.8734	134.4962	280.6872	300.9699	0.0000	8.0308	0.0000
	314.3132	241.5786	318.6172	335.0357	0.0000	19.9826	0.0000
	0.0000	303.1435	43.3601	357.2376	0.0000	51.8922	0.0000
Min	1.0714	1212.697	42.6040	352.3451	0.0000	251.2720	0.0000
Mean	38.2367	1212.697	402.5957	576.6454	0.0000	493.2413	0.0000
Max	110.6796	1212.697	781.4347	990.3743	0.0000	1901.836	0.0000
Std	25.2906	0.0000	398.2755	210.1756	0.0000	402.5266	0.0000
Error	0.3074	10.1061	1.9909	4.9788	0.0000	4.6902	0.0000
Success	29	1	4	10	0	15	0

Success = number of successful runs.