Research Article

An Enhanced Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization with Quasi-Opposition-Based Learning and Dimensional Search Strategies

Table 18

Results of Wilcoxon’s test for SSA against other six algorithms for each benchmark function with 10 independent runs at n = 100 ( = 0.05).

FunctionLAPO vs. ELAPOSSA vs. ELAPOJaya vs. ELAPOIBB-BC vs. ELAPOODE1 vs. ELAPOALO vs. ELAPO
valueWin valueWin valueWin valueWin valueWin valueWin

F11.5770E − 014.2350E − 08+1.5231E − 07+6.3386E − 04+1.3419E − 03+3.5682E − 06+
F27.6218E − 03+6.0367E − 08+1.9065E − 04+9.3693E − 03+3.2161E − 05+5.1856E − 07+
F3=3.5796E − 08+2.2802E − 07+4.4140E − 54+2.3346E − 02+3.0033E − 05+
F41.3041E − 013.5293E − 08+2.8240E − 04+1.4775E − 06+2.7093E − 02+9.4948E − 07+
F55.6333E − 03+1.0084E − 08+4.8518E − 06+1.3531E − 06+9.5032E − 05+6.7646E − 10+
F69.5047E − 12+3.3028E − 06+1.8052E − 05+2.2892E − 03+2.4625E − 02+8.5749E − 03+
F71.4156E − 013.0753E − 08+6.9812E − 08+3.8161E − 04+2.0774E − 03+1.8206E − 06+
F81.9728E − 04+1.3132E − 12+5.7059E − 11+5.6270E − 11+2.1460E − 08+2.7677E − 09+
F92.7143E − 02+4.6832E − 11+3.2634E − 07+2.7294E − 10+5.0914E − 05+2.2988E − 03+
F104.3062E − 02+4.2546E − 08+1.6382E − 06+8.1021E − 03+9.3687E − 021.0917E − 04+
F112.6996E − 012.2696E − 015.0667E − 021.1055E − 03+3.3891E − 011.2744E − 03+
F127.6477E − 025.8330E − 05+3.0288E − 11+4.6170E − 19+8.3106E − 07+6.0946E − 08+
F131.0360E − 03+5.5028E − 07+9.0010E − 09+5.9879E − 09+1.9392E − 03+2.4309E − 06+
F143.8838E − 04+9.7111E − 10+1.2974E − 11+9.7901E − 14+4.5811E − 09+3.3538E − 11+
F158.3808E − 07+9.8135E − 05+2.3964E − 07+3.5313E − 07+1.6716E − 07+1.0160E − 06+
F163.1494E − 011.4591E − 05+9.7572E − 021.4803E − 03+8.8968E − 025.9325E − 06+
F17=1.1073E − 09+4.1210E − 12+1.6710E − 08+2.9375E − 05+1.7779E − 07+
F183.9961E − 04+6.4253E − 011.7095E − 04+8.8954E − 05+2.0868E − 04+1.9220E − 03+
F199.8149E − 04+1.1788E − 06+4.8892E − 07+2.1151E − 05+2.0236E − 06+1.0299E − 02+
F204.3629E − 07+5.7602E − 016.2070E − 09+1.1723E − 02+6.6614E − 022.9847E − 04+
F21=3.5828E − 11+2.7658E − 12+7.1919E − 11+7.3339E − 10+1.1238E − 07+
F22=7.0366E − 09+3.4023E − 12+3.3868E − 10+2.6364E − 12+7.8276E − 07+
F235.2427E − 022.3972E − 10+1.0601E − 11+2.3959E − 12+4.1327E − 09+4.4496E − 09+
F24=1.4813E − 09+1.4883E − 11+2.4103E − 13+1.3202E − 08+1.0014E − 11+
F254.0643E − 03+1.3414E − 09+1.9271E − 04+3.5879E − 09+1.1709E − 02+6.5374E − 10+
F269.1228E − 07+2.4299E − 06+4.8229E − 08+2.4166E − 07+2.9383E − 05+9.1708E − 07+
F271.9144E − 02+8.2124E − 08+3.2662E − 10+2.7758E − 04+6.3573E − 03+9.5400E − 04+
F282.7429E − 07+2.3276E − 07+1.2105E − 07+1.2547E − 07+1.7003E − 06+9.3832E − 09+
F295.8224E − 021.1899E − 03+1.0274E − 09+2.5110E − 03+2.2029E − 05+4.0114E − 04+
F307.7749E − 017.1957E − 012.2963E − 07+6.5996E − 07+7.2799E − 011.1532E − 04+
F312.3273E − 05+3.4931E − 17+4.5281E − 12+2.0453E − 13+7.3367E − 16+1.4373E − 09+
F321.0442E − 02+8.3154E − 07+4.3080E − 10+1.0525E − 08+1.7940E − 09+4.9109E − 10+
+/−18/928/430/232/027/532/0