An Enhanced Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization with Quasi-Opposition-Based Learning and Dimensional Search Strategies

Table 7

Statistical results obtained by different algorithms through 10 independent runs for multimodal benchmark functions at .

Fun		ELAPO	LAPO	SSA	Jaya	IBB-BC	ODE1	ALO
F12	Mean	8.8818E − 16	2.8955E − 14	9.2571E − 04	9.1487E − 02	1.7601E + 01	2.5302E − 05	1.6649E + 00
	Std	0.0000E + 00	2.4640E − 14	9.2067E − 04	7.7490E − 02	6.9501E − 01	7.7013E − 05	7.7554E − 01
F13	Mean	6.1910E − 102	2.2608E − 16	1.1359E − 04	1.8262E + 01	5.4072E − 02	5.6933E − 04	5.2074E + 00
	Std	1.7386E − 101	1.6391E − 16	5.9272E − 05	8.6301E + 00	4.1391E − 02	1.2644E − 03	3.1551E + 00
F14	Mean	1.4029E − 48	4.0494E − 07	3.4234E + 00	5.1721E + 01	1.1805E + 02	6.8554E − 01	1.3231E + 02
	Std	1.7605E − 48	2.6617E − 07	9.0812E − 01	9.8384E + 00	1.7959E + 01	1.7645E − 01	2.0228E + 01
F15	Mean	1.4563E + 00	9.4103E + 00	9.0346E − 01	1.2447E + 01	1.2934E + 01	1.2364E + 01	1.2030E + 01
	Std	4.3965E − 01	5.3815E − 01	3.2252E − 01	2.9666E − 01	5.3194E − 01	2.5704E − 01	7.5729E − 01
F16	Mean	8.4188E − 25	1.0367E − 02	2.2266E − 09	4.1310E + 00	4.1888E − 02	4.2953E − 02	9.0097E + 00
	Std	1.5385E − 24	3.2783E − 02	1.5417E − 09	1.6123E + 00	5.4071E − 02	5.2502E − 02	3.2448E + 00
F17	Mean	0.0000E + 00	7.3960E − 04	2.2384E − 02	2.9603E − 01	5.1123E − 02	5.4206E − 03	1.0343E − 02
	Std	0.0000E + 00	2.3388E − 03	1.3974E − 02	2.2107E − 01	6.7979E − 02	6.1229E − 03	1.0090E − 02
F18	Mean	0.0000E + 00	1.6903E + 01	5.7452E + 00	2.1310E + 01	2.5789E + 01	2.0659E + 01	1.8115E + 01
	Std	0.0000E + 00	6.2598E + 00	1.6003E + 00	8.2816E − 01	4.4569E − 01	8.8290E − 01	2.5728E + 00
F19	Mean	5.8977E + 01	2.5151E + 02	4.5305E + 03	1.7584E + 03	6.3780E + 03	3.0747E + 03	5.5289E + 02
	Std	2.4102E + 01	1.0785E + 02	3.6141E + 03	2.6629E + 03	6.1551E + 03	1.1640E + 03	1.7077E + 02
F20	Mean	2.0743E − 03	1.5861E − 02	3.1866E − 04	7.3750E − 02	3.3350E − 03	3.9377E − 03	8.3297E − 03
	Std	2.6236E − 03	1.5529E − 02	3.6113E − 04	2.9955E − 02	1.3663E − 03	2.3799E − 03	4.6551E − 03
F21	Mean	0.0000E + 00	0.0000E + 00	8.1814E − 06	2.2150E + 02	5.3244E + 01	1.5228E + 02	7.8900E + 01
	Std	0.0000E + 00	0.0000E + 00	1.2639E − 05	2.0149E + 01	1.7451E + 01	2.5607E + 01	2.5535E + 01
F22	Mean	0.0000E + 00	1.2264E + 01	1.6897E − 01	2.0120E + 02	4.6472E + 01	1.1726E + 02	8.5910E + 01
	Std	0.0000E + 00	2.5856E + 01	2.7200E − 01	1.4093E + 01	1.2995E + 01	4.0305E + 01	5.0467E + 01
F23	Mean	7.9899E − 02	9.9873E − 02	7.1987E − 01	1.1289E + 00	1.2306E + 00	2.1167E − 01	6.0987E − 01
	Std	4.2110E − 02	9.2544E − 09	6.3246E − 02	7.3969E − 02	2.7575E − 01	3.1132E − 02	7.3786E − 02
F24	Mean	0.0000E + 00	0.0000E + 00	2.0537E − 02	1.6488E + 00	1.4966E + 01	1.8835E − 02	1.7219E + 01
	Std	0.0000E + 00	0.0000E + 00	8.4213E − 03	7.2301E − 01	4.3592E + 00	3.8947E − 02	3.2418E + 00
F25	Mean	3.4556E + 02	6.2050E + 02	3.6018E + 02	8.1492E + 02	8.1624E + 02	7.6337E + 02	7.3879E + 02
	Std	3.3722E + 01	1.4539E + 02	1.1172E + 02	1.9261E + 01	2.0303E + 01	5.3897E + 01	3.2218E + 01