Image Processing-Based Detection of Pipe Corrosion Using Texture Analysis and Metaheuristic-Optimized Machine Learning Approach

Table 2

Average prediction performance of the MO-SVM-PCD.

Indices	Training phase	Testing phase
CAR (%)	98.382	92.808
PPV	0.982	0.922
Recall	0.986	0.936
NPV	0.986	0.935
F1 score	0.984	0.929