Research Article

A Blind Watermarking Model of the 3D Object and the Polygonal Mesh Objects for Securing Copyright

Table 2

Comparison of recent schemes.

SchemeCover mediaWatermark sequenceEmbedding color spaceDomainCapacityIs blind?

Chow et al. [38]Grayscale imageQR codeGrayscaleDWT-DCT0.0002Yes
Amini et al. [40]Grayscale imageBinary bitsGrayscaleDWT0.0156Yes
Rosales-Roldan et al. [39]Color imageQR codeYCbCrSVD-DWT-DCT0.0833Yes
Patvardhan et al. [41]Color imageQR codeYCbCrSVD-DWT0.1667No
Ayubi et al. [12]Video2D binary imageRGBIWT-DWT-CT0.0034Yes
Hou et al. [42]3D printed objectBinary patternHigh masking regionsVisual masking1 bitYes
Delmotte et al. [43]3D printed objectBinary bitsG-codeLayer thickness>64 bitsYes
Jiang et al. [44]3D objectBinary bitsVerticesEncrypted domain0.3692Yes
Cayre et al. [45]3D objectBinary bitsVerticesSpatial0.8772Yes
Wu et al. [46]3D object2D binary imageVerticesSpatial0.9969No
Khalil et al. [18]3D objectGrayscale imageVerticesSpatial2.6667Yes
The proposed3D objectGrayscale imageVerticesDCT8Yes