[Retracted] The Rise of Cloud Computing: Data Protection, Privacy, and Open Research Challenges—A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

Table 10

The summary of the cryptographic techniques.

Cryptography techniques	References	Supported operations	Usability	Privacy
Identity-based encryption	[145, 146]	Use for data access control	Required a valid password to access data	Provides a high level of privacy
Symmetric-key encryption	[143]	Encryption and Decryption of data using the same key	No functionality can be performed on encrypted data	Provides a high level of privacy
Public-key encryption	[144]	Use for data access control	Required a valid public key for encryption and private key for decryption	No key exchange is required. Provides a very high level of privacy
Attribute-based encryption	[147, 148]	Data access control based on attributes	Less secure than public-key encryption	Provides lesser privacy than public-key encryption
Functional encryption	[149, 150]	Used for selected plaintext	Required a valid function	Privacy depends on the function
Fully HE	[139]	Allows all the arithmetic operations	Practically not useable	Provides a very high level of privacy
Somewhat HE	[137, 138]	Allows more addition and one multiplication	Useable for limited arithmetic operations	Provides a medium level of privacy
Partially HE	[134–136]	Allows only one arithmetic operation	Useable for limited arithmetic operations	Provides a low level of privacy
Searchable encryption	[140–142]	Allows query search on encrypted data	Useable on encrypted data	Provides a high level of privacy
Signcryption	[151–155]	Used for user authentication	Useable when efficient authentication is required	Provides a high level of privacy