Investigation of Control Model in a New Series Hybrid Hydraulic/Electric System for Heavy Vehicles Based on Energy Efficiency

Table 1

Hydraulic accumulators versus electric batteries.

Energy recovery performance	Hydraulic accumulator	Electric battery Li-ion
Power density	5 KW/Kg	0.5 KW/Kg
Energy density	4–11 KJ/Kg	150 KJ/Kg
Round-trip efficiency	94%	81%