Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the most common chronic bacterial infection in humans. In less developed nations, eg, most South American countries, the prevalence of H pylori infection ranges from 70% to 90% of the population. In these countries there is rapid acquisition of the infection in early life, due to poor sanitation, low standards of living conditions and an increased rate of H pylori infection. The management of H pylori infection in South America is outlined.