Pure Oats as Part of the Canadian Gluten-Free Diet in Celiac Disease: The Need to Revisit the Issue

Table 1

Clinical trials and analytical and in vivo studies published between 2008 and 2014 on oats safety and celiac disease.

Country	Author reference	Year	Studies		Subjects		Oats
			Type	Duration	Age group	Number	Consumption	Purity	Cultivar info	Toxicity
Canada	[10]	2011	Clinical	12 wk	Adults	15	350 g/wk	Yes	No	No
Finland	[9]	2013	CSFUS	8 yr	Adults	106	20 g/d	?	No	No
	[8]	2012	Cross-sectional	N/A	Adults	177	?	?	No	Possible
	[6]	2010	RCS	12 mo	Adults	31	100 g/d	Yes	No	No
	[11]	2009	RCT	2 yr	Children	23	24–59 g/d	Yes	No	No
Ireland	[7]	2012	Clinical	1 yr	Adults	46	50 g/d	Yes	No	No
Italy	[12]	2014	In vitro	N/A	Children	3	N/A	Yes	Nave	Yes
	[13]	2013	DBRPCMT	15 mo	Children	171	up to 40 g/d	Yes	No	No
	[14]	2011	In vitro	N/A	Children/adults	30	N/A	Yes	Yes	No
Netherlands	[15]	2011	In vivo	N/A	?	1	N/A	Yes	Yes	Yes
Norway	[5]	2008	Cross-sectional	N/A	Adults	277	24 g/d	Yes	No	No
Spain	[16]	2012	Analytical/in vivo	N/A	Children	14	N/A	Yes	OM719	Yes
	[17]	2011	In vivo	N/A	Children/adolescents	15	N/A	Yes	OM719, OH727, OF720	Yes
Sweden	[18]	2014	DBRMT	1 yr	Children	28	20 g/d	Yes	No	Yes
	[19]	2014	DBRMT	1 yr	Children	71	25–50 g/d	Yes	No	Yes

CSFUS: cross-sectional follow-up study; RCS: randomized crossover study; RCT: randomized controlled trial;
DBRPCMT: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter trial; DBRMIT: double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial.