Table 1: Baseline characteristics of the participants.

VPZ group () PPI group () value VPZ versus PPI RPZ group () value VPZ versus RPZ Age (yrs) 58 (32–80) 60 (36–77) 0.7196 61 (36–77) 0.9299 Male 41/72 (57%) 40/69 (58%) 0.9019 35/59 (59%) 0.7838 Body mass index (kg/m2) 22.4 (17.9–30.7) 22.6 (16.1–37.8) 0.4780 22.7 (16.1–37.8) 0.3382 Smoking 17/70 (24%) 19/67 (28%) 0.5883 15/57 (26%) 0.7932 Drinking 22/72 (31%) 22/67 (33%) 0.7727 18/57 (32%) 0.9007 Comorbidities            Gastric ulcer 1/72 (1.4%) 1/69 (1.4%) 1.0000 1/59 (1.7%) 1.0000  Duodenal ulcer 2/72 (2.8%) 2/69 (2.9%) 1.0000 2/59 (3.4%) 1.0000  Diabetes 8/72 (11.1%) 2/69 (2.9%) 0.0976 2/59 (3.4%) 0.1838  Hypertension 14/72 (19.4%) 17/69 (24.6%) 0.4567 16/59 (27.1%) 0.2983  Hyperlipidemia 8/72 (11.1%) 14/69 (20.3%) 0.1333 14/59 (23.7%) 0.0546 AST (IU/L) 20 21 0.7424 21 0.3131 ALT (IU/L) 17 17 0.4114 17 0.1291 Creatinine (mg/dL) 0.78 0.78 0.6356 0.78 0.3345 Hemoglobin A1c (%) 5.6 5.6 0.1300 5.6 0.3101

Data are expressed as median (range) or number (percentage). Statistical analyses were conducted with the Mann–Whitney U test and chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. VPZ group, treatment with vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin; PPI group, treatment with rabeprazole or lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin; RPZ group, treatment with rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase. , , , , , and .