Laparoscopic versus Open Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of High-Quality Case-Matched Studies

Table 3

Overall outcomes of the meta-analysis.

Outcomes	Studies No.	Sample size		Heterogeneity; (, )	Model	Overall effect size	95% CI of overall effect
		LH	OH
Operation time (min)	20	1255	1671	<0.01, 87%	R			0.28
Minor hepatectomy	8	321	355	<0.01, 78%	R			0.17
Mixed hepatectomy	9	831	1213	<0.01, 83%	R			0.29
Major hepatectomy	3	103	103	0.05, 67%	R			<0.01
Blood loss (mL)	17	1128	1425	<0.01, 92%	R		−157.33~−29.09	<0.01
Minor hepatectomy	7	278	312	0.39, 5%	R		−98.41~−54.01	<0.01
Mixed hepatectomy	7	747	1010	0.05, 52%	R		−294.57~−131.31	<0.01
Major hepatectomy	3	103	103	0.88, 0%	R			0.88
Transfusion	14	979	1352	0.90, 0%	F			0.03
Minor hepatectomy	4	121	155	0.49, 0%	F			0.22
Mixed hepatectomy	8	788	1127	0.86, 0%	F			0.06
Major hepatectomy	2	70	70	0.28, 15%	F			0.70
Hospital stay (days)	20	1255	1671	<0.01, 80%	R		−3.63~−2.08	<0.01
Minor hepatectomy	8	321	355	<0.01, 76%	R		−4.23~−1.63	<0.01
Mixed hepatectomy	9	831	1213	0.01, 58%	R		−3.95~−1.76	<0.01
Major hepatectomy	3	103	103	0.15, 47%	R		−4.60~−0.92	<0.01
Morbidity	20	1255	1671	0.28, 14%	F			<0.01
Minor hepatectomy	8	321	355	0.29, 17%	F			<0.01
Mixed hepatectomy	9	831	1213	0.26, 21%	F			<0.01
Major hepatectomy	3	103	103	0.21, 37%	F			<0.01
Severe complications	18	1196	1476	0.88, 0%	F			<0.01
Minor hepatectomy	7	288	305	0.96, 0%	F			0.04
Mixed hepatectomy	8	805	1068	0.44, 0%	F			<0.01
Major hepatectomy	3	103	103	0.35, 6%	F			0.05
Mortality	9	789	1026	0.88, 0	F			0.05
Minor hepatectomy	3	104	121	0.34, 7	F			0.21
Mixed hepatectomy	5	653	873	0.84, 0	F			0.18
Major hepatectomy	1	32	32	Not applicable	F			0.50
Tumor size (cm)	19	1229	1645	<0.01, 57%	R			0.09
Minor hepatectomy	8	321	355	0.76, 0%	R			0.48
Mixed hepatectomy	8	805	1187	0.50, 0%	R			0.28
Major hepatectomy	3	103	103	<0.01, 92%	R			0.13
Margin distance (cm)	11	501	694	0.14, 47%	R			<0.01
Minor hepatectomy	5	186	220	0.06, 56%	R			0.03
Mixed hepatectomy	5	282	441	0.15, 41%	R			0.02
Major hepatectomy	1	33	33	Not applicable	R			0.18
R0 resection	14	1010	1409	0.70, 0%	F			0.37
Minor hepatectomy	6	240	257	0.80, 0%	F			0.23
Mixed hepatectomy	7	738	1120	0.47, 0%	F			0.13
Major hepatectomy	1	32	32	Not applicable	F			0.56

WMD: weighted mean difference; RR: risk ratio; F: fixed; R: random.