Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and Sodium Velocity Predicts Overall Survival in Nonmetastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Table 2

Cox proportional hazard models for overall survival. Multivariable models were built using a backwards stepwise procedure.

	Univariate		Multivariable: Baseline MELD-Na Only		Multivariable: Baseline MELD-Na and MELD-Na change
Characteristic	HR (95 CI)	p	HR (95 CI)	P	HR (95 CI)	P
Age (per 10 years)	0.95 (0.82 to 1.11)	0.505	-	-	-	-
Gender
Male	[reference]	-	-	-	-	-
Female	0.80 (0.51 to 1.24)	0.318
Stage
I	[reference]	-	[reference]	-	[reference]	-
II	1.17 (0.70 to 1.98)	0.535	1.35 (0.76 to 2.39)	0.310	1.52 (0.86 to 2.71)	0.153
III	2.68 (1.71 to 4.21)	<0.001	2.66 (1.64 to 4.32)	<0.001	2.24 (1.37 to 3.67)	0.001
AFP (ng/mL)
< 400	[reference]	-	-	-	-	-
> 400	1.72 (1.16 to 2.56)	0.007
Race
White	[reference]	-
Black/African American	1.15 (0.75 to 1.74)	0.525	-	-	-	-
Asian	0.26 (0.04 to 1.86)	0.179
Other/Unknown	1.08 (0.52 to 2.26)	0.834
Ethnicity
Not Hispanic/Latino	[reference]	-	-	-	-	-
Hispanic/Latino	0.88 (0.61 to 1.28)	0.509
Etiology of cirrhosis, n (%)
HCV only	[reference]	-
HBV only	1.60 (0.77 to 3.43)	0.209	-	-	-	-
Alcoholism	0.66 (0.35 to 1.25)	0.205
Unknown/Multiple	0.77 (0.42 to 1.40)	0.385
MELD-Na	1.06 (1.03 to 1.10)	<0.001	1.05 (1.01 to 1.09)	0.012	1.07 (1.03 to 1.11)	<0.001
90 day MELD-Na increase
< 40%	[reference]	-	-	-	3.69 (2.39 to 5.69)	<0.001
> 40%	3.44 (2.29 to 5.17)	<0.001