Characteristics and Changes over Time of Alcohol-Related Chronic Liver Diseases in Italy

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of 2,717 enrolled subjects with chronic liver disease alcohol related in Italy, by year of recruitment.

Characteristic	Overall	Study 2001	Study 2014	p-value
	(n=2,717)	(n=2,342)	(n=375)
Age, years, mean ± SD				<0.001
Sex Ratio (M/F)	3.1	3.8	1.3	<0.001
BMI, mean ± SD				0.015
Area of birth
(i) Northern/Central Italy	1,295 (47.7%)	1,099 (46.9%)	196 (52.3%)	<0.001
(ii) Southern Italy/Islands	1,354 (49.8%)	1,192 (50.9%)	159 (42.4%)
(iii) Born abroad	71 (2.6%)	51 (2.2%)	20 (5.3%)
Risk factors
(i) Alcohol intake alone	1,163 (42.8%)	983 (42.0%)	179 (47.7%)	0.02
(ii) Alcohol intake/HBsAg positive	172 (6.3%)	140 (6.0%)	32 (8.5%)
(iii) Alcohol intake/anti-HCV positivity	1,313 (48.3%)	1,157 (49.4%)	154 (41.1%)
(iv) Alcohol intake/HBsAg positive/anti-HCV positive	72 (6.3%)	62 (2.6%)	10 (2.7%)
Diagnosis
(i) Chronic hepatitis	1,762 (64.8%)	1,550 (66.1%)	212 (56.5%)	<0.001
(ii) Liver cirrhosis without HCC	834 (30.7%)	697 (29.8%)	137 (36.5%)
(iii) Liver cirrhosis with HCC	121 (4.5%)	95 (4.1%)	26 (6.9%)

BMI: body mass index. HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma.