Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-Related Liver Disease (ARLD): An Update on Controversies and Considerations

Table 3

Studies comparing risk factors for return to risky drinking for patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) undergoing liver transplantation.

Study	No. of ARLD pts	Risk factors		Return to risky drinking
		Demographic, behavioural, and social factors	Comorbidity
Kelly et. al. [27]	100	Unmarried	Depression	10%
		Unemployed
		Lack of social support
		Substance abuse
		<6-month abstinence
Nickels et. al. [28]	27	Age < 50 years	Depression	26.9%
		Male
		Alcohol dependence
De Gottardi et. al. [29]	387	Age < 50 years	Psychiatric disease	11.9%
		Male
		Unmarried
		HRAR
		Low SS
		Unemployed
		<6-month abstinence
Karim et. al. [30]	80	Age < 50 years	Psychiatric disease	10%
		Male
		Unmarried
		Low SES
		Unemployed
		Smoking
		Substance abuse
		<6-month abstinence
		Rehabilitation
Deruytter et. al. [31]	108	Age < 50 years	Psychiatric disease	29%
		Male
		Unmarried
		Unemployed
		Family history of alcohol abuse
		Smoking
		Alcohol dependence
Egawa et. al. [24]	195	Male	Psychiatric disease	13.3%–50% depending upon the recipient and donor relationship
		Unmarried
		Lack of social support
		Unemployed smoking
		<6-month abstinence
Askgaard et. al. [32]	156	Male	—	18%, 24%, and 27% after 5, 10, and 15 years of posttransplant, respectively.
		Unmarried
		Unemployed
		Family history of alcohol abuse smoking
		Alcohol dependence
Wigg et. al. [33]	87	Male	Psychiatric disease	16%
		Unmarried
		Lack of social support
		Unemployed
		Family history of alcohol abuse smoking
		Substance abuse
Satapathy et. al. [18]	241	<6-months abstinence nonalcohol-related criminal active smoking	—	10%

ARLD: alcohol-related liver disease; HRAR: high-risk alcoholism relapse; SS: docioecnomic status; and LT: liver transplantation.