Research Article
Risk Factors and Timing of Additional Surgery after Noncurative ESD for Early Gastric Cancer
Table 1
Characteristics of patients with noncurative ESD.
| | Residual cancer | | LN metastasis | | Yes (n = 16) | No (n = 14) | Yes (n = 5) | No (n = 25) |
| Gender | Male | 13 | 12 | 0.432 | 4 | 21 | 0.124 | Female | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| Age (years) | ≥65 | 2 | 7 | 0.025 | 1 | 8 | 0.592 | <65 | 14 | 7 | 4 | 17 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 4.2 | 22.7 ± 3.6 | 0.032 | 24.3 ± 4.1 | 22.3 ± 3.9 | 0.104 |
| ESD indication | Absolute | 6 | 4 | 0.521 | 2 | 8 | 0.221 | Enlarged | 10 | 10 | 3 | 17 |
| Lauren type | Intestinal | 2 | 11 | 0.001 | 1 | 12 | 0.191 | Diffuse | 14 | 3 | 4 | 13 |
| Ulcer | Yes | 5 | 4 | 0.523 | 2 | 7 | 0.592 | No | 9 | 12 | 3 | 18 |
| Lesion diameter | ≤3 cm | 12 | 10 | 0.825 | 4 | 18 | 0.712 | >3 cm | 4 | 4 | 1 | 7 |
| Pathological type | Differentiated | 7 | 6 | 0.964 | 1 | 12 | 0.024 | Undifferentiated | 9 | 8 | 4 | 13 |
| Depth of invasion | Mucosa | 2 | 9 | 0.003 | 0 | 11 | 0.062 | Submucosa (or deeper) | 14 | 5 | 5 | 14 |
| Vascular invasion | Positive | 4 | 3 | 0.818 | 4 | 3 | 0.003 | Negative | 12 | 11 | 1 | 22 |
| Vertical margin | Positive | 12 | 0 | 0.001 | 4 | 6 | 0.015 | Negative | 4 | 14 | 1 | 19 |
| Horizontal margin | Positive | 9 | 0 | 0.001 | 2 | 9 | 0.864 | Negative | 7 | 14 | 3 | 16 |
| HER-2 expression | Positive | 11 | 1 | 0.001 | 4 | 8 | 0.045 | Negative | 5 | 13 | 1 | 17 |
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