The Risk Factors of Acquiring Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the included studies and patients into meta-analysis.

Author	Year	Country	Severe HFMD	Mild HFMD	Study quality (score)	Age (months)	Female (%)
						Severe HFMD versus mild HFMD	Severe HFMD versus mild HFMD
Wang et al. [10]	2014	China	60	60	∗∗∗∗∗∗	18/17;	43/36;
Yang et al. [11]	2012	China	89	267	∗∗∗∗∗∗	24/25;	35/35;
Pan et al. [12]	2012	China	105	210	∗∗∗∗∗∗	25/32;	30/45;
Liu et al. [13]	2014	China	249	512	∗∗∗∗∗∗∗	37/37;	45/45;
Zeng et al. [14]	2013	China	139	304	∗∗∗∗∗∗	27/25;	35/34;
Zhang et al. [15]	2017	China	459	246	∗∗∗∗∗∗∗	23/23;	35/34;
Deng et al. [16]	2016	China	128	88	∗∗∗∗∗∗	NR	37/39;
Li et al. [17]	2013	China	116	202	∗∗∗∗∗∗	NR	36/28;
Pan et al. [18]	2012	China	229	140	∗∗∗∗∗∗	NR	NR
Luo et al. [19]	2016	China	30	373	∗∗∗∗∗∗	NR	NR
Li [20]	2016	China	36	40	∗∗∗∗∗∗	41/39;	47/48;

NR: not reported; NS: not significant.Now the Newcastle-Ottawa scale is mainly applied in the evaluation of case-control study. The literature was graded in terms of selection, comparability, and outcome, and each aspect consists of a number of assessment items. When the items are up to the requirements, one star can be obtained, of which the comparability can reach a maximum of 2. Six stars (∗∗∗∗∗∗) and more were considered to be of high quality.