Development of New Tools to Detect Colistin-Resistance among Enterobacteriaceae Strains

Table 1

Composition of polymyxin-containing agar.

Targeted bacteria	Culture medium	Antibiotics (µg/mL) targeting				References
		Gram-negative strains		Gram-positive strains	Yeast
		Polymyxins	Others
Colistin-resistant Gram-negative strains	LBJMR^a	4 (C)		Vancomycin 50
VancoR Gram-positive strains
Gram-negative strains
Colistin-resistant	SuperPolymyxin	3.5 (C)		Daptomycin 10; BM 65; Éosine 400	5 (AB)	[75]
Neisseria sp.	Martin–Lewis agar	7.5 (C)	5 (T)	Vancomycin 4	20 (A)	[34]
	Thayer–Martin agar	7.5 (C)		Vancomycin 3	2.57 (N)	[35]
	MTM^b agar	7.5 (C)	5 (T)	Vancomycin 3	2.57 (N)	[36]
	NYC^c agar	7.5 (C)	3 (T)	Vancomycin 2	20 (A)	[37]
Burkholderia cepacia	Cepacia medium	30 (B)		Ticarcillin 100		[38]
	OFPBL^d agar	30 (B)	Bacitracin 3			[39]
	Burkholderia cepacia agar	17.8 (B)	5 (GEN)	Ticarcillin 100		[38]
	Burkholderia cepacia selective agar	71.4 (B)	10 (GEN)	Vancomycin 2.5		[40]
Legionella sp.	BCYE^e selective agar with
	GVPC^f	9.4 (B)	Glycine 3000	Vancomycin 1	80 (CH)	[41]
	CCVC^g	16 (C)		Vancomycin 0.5; Cefalotin 4	80 (CH)	[42]
	GPVA^h	11.9 (B)	Glycine 3000	Vancomycin 1	80 (A)	[43]
	PAV^i	4.76 (B)		Vancomycin 0.5	80 (A)	[44]
	PAC^j	9.52 (B)		Cefamandole 2	80 (A)	[45]
	DGVP^k	8 (B)	Glycine 3000	Vancomycin 1		[46]
Campylobacter sp.	Campylobacter agar
	Butzler	0.33 (C)	Bacitracin 338	Novobiocin 5; Cefazolin 15	50 (CH)	[47]
	Skirrow	0.25 (B)	2.5 (T)	Vancomycin 5		[48]
	Blaser–Wang	0.125 (B)	2.5 (T)	Vancomycin 5; Cefalotin 15	2 (AB)	[49]
	Preston	0.125 (B)	5 (T)	Rifampicin 5	50 (CH)	[50]
Brucella spp.	Brucella selective medium	1 (B)	Bacitracin 500		100 (CH)	[51]
Vibrio sp.	CPC^l	66.34 (C); 11.9 (B)				[52]
Gram-positive strains
Streptococcus sp. and Gram-positive strains	ANC^m	10 (C)	Nalidixic acid 10			[53]
Listeria monocytogenes	Oxford medium	20 (C)	Fosfomycin 10	Cefotetan 2; Acriflavine 5	400 (CH)	[54]
	Modified Oxford	10 (C)		Moxalactam 15		[55]
Listeria spp.	PALCAM^n	10 (B)		Ceftazidime 8; Acriflavine 5		[56]
Bacillus cereus	MYP^o	10 (B)				[57]
Mycobacteriaceae	Middlebrook 7H11	25 (B)	20 (T)	Carbenicillin 50	10 (AB)	[58]
Clostridium perfringens	SPS^p agar	10 (B)	Sulfadiazine 120			[59]
	TSN^q agar	20 (B)	Neomycin 50			[60]
	SFP^r agar	3.57 (B)	Kanamycin 12			[61]

B: polymyxin B; C: colistin; AB: amphotericin B; A: anisomycin; CH: cycloheximide; MB: methylene blue; N: nystatin; GEN: gentamicin; T: trimethoprim. ^aLBJMR: Lucie Bardet–Jean-Marc Rolain; ^bMTM: modified Thayer–Martin; ^cNYC: New York City; ^dOFPBL: oxidation/fermentation, polymyxin B, bacitracin, and lactose; ^eBCYE: buffered charcoal and yeast extract; ^fGPVC: glycine, polymyxin B, vancomycin, and cycloheximide; ^gCCVC: cefalotin, colistin, vancomycin, and cycloheximide; ^hGPVA: glycine, polymyxin B, vancomycin, and anisomycin; ⁱPAV: polymyxin B, anisomycin, and vancomycin; ^jPAC: polymyxin B, anisomycin, and cefamandole; ^kDGVP: dyes, glycine, vancomycin, and polymyxin B; ^lCPC: cellobiose, polymyxin B, and colistin; ^mCNA: colistin and nalidixic acid; ⁿPALCAM: polymyxin B, acriflavine, lithium, ceftazidime, esculin, and mannitol; ^oMYP: mannitol, egg yolk, and polymyxin B; ^pSPS: sulfite, polymyxin B, and sulfadiazine, ^qTSN: trypticase, sulfite, and neomycin; ^rSFP: Shahidi-Ferguson perfringens.