Microbial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance in Use of Ophthalmic Solutions at the Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Table 2

Features of eye drops used in the Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma University, from June to December 2015.

Eye drop characteristics	Contaminated	Noncontaminated	Total	X^2	value
Place of use
Wards	18 (75.0%)	6 (25.0%)	24 (34.3%)	0.29	0.86
OPD	25 (73.5%)	9 (26.5%)	34 (48.6%)
OR	8 (66.7%)	4 (33.3%)	12 (17.1%)
Expiry date
Not expired	23 (45.1%)	10 (52.6%)	33 (47.1%)	3.11	0.21
Expired	16 (31.4%)	8 (42.1%)	24 (34.3%)
Not marked	12 (23.5%)	1 (5.3%)	13 (18.6%)
Duration of use
≤4 weeks	26 (63.4%)	15 (36.6%)	41 (58.6%)	4.46	0.04
>4 weeks	25 (86.2%)	4 (13.8%)	29 (41.4%)
Preparation of drops
Locally made	11 (91.7%)	1 (8.3%)	12 (17.1%)	2.59	0.11
Commercially bought	40 (69.0%)	18 (31.0%)	58 (82.9%)
Use of eye drops
Single patient use	22 (75.9%)	7 (24.1%)	29 (41.4%)	0.23	0.63
Many patient use	29 (70.7%)	12 (29.3%)	41 (58.6%)
Appearance
Clean	48 (71.6%)	19 (28.4%)	67 (95.7%)
Dirty	3 (100.0%)	0	3 (5.3%)

OPD = outpatient department; OR = operation room.