The Intestinal Dysbiosis of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Its Impact on the Gut Microbiota of Their Newborns

Table 2

Changes of gut microbiota in the newborns of GDM mothers compared with the newborns of mothers without GDM.

Surveyed country	No.		Features of gut microbial community		Ref.
	G+	G−	Increase	Decrease
China	24	24	Lactobacillus iners (S)		[5]
Italy	29	19	Actinobacteria (p); Bacteroidetes (p); Escherichia (G); Parabacteroides (G)	Staphylococcus (G); Ralstonia (G); Lactobacillus (G); Enterobacteriaceae (G)	[33]
America	5	13	Bacteroidetes (p)		[34]
China	20	14	Actinobacteria (p); Proteobacteria (p)	Bacteroidetes (p); Prevotella (G); Lactobacillus (G)	[35]

No., number; G+, GDM; G−, non-GDM; P, phylum; G, genus; S, species. The increased/decreased microbiota in the newborns of GDM mothers when compared to the newborns of mothers without GDM.