Research Article
Multidrug-Resistant Shigellosis among Children Aged below Five Years with Diarrhea at Banadir Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia
Table 3
Risk factors for shigellosis among children under five years of age.
| | Category | Shigellosis | χ2 value | value | COR (95%) | value | | Present, n (%) | Absent, n (%) |
| | Gender | | | | | | | | Male | 10 (5.6) | 59 (41.3) | 2.519 | 0.113 | — | — | | Female | 27 (15) | 84 (58.7) | | Age group of children (months) | | | | | | | | 0–12 | 6 (16.2) | 61 (42.7) | 10.601 | 0.031∗∗ | 0.138 | 0.064 | | >12–24 | 21 (56.7) | 57 (39.9) | | >24–36 | 7 (18.9) | 12 (8.4) | | >36–48 | 2 (5.4) | 8 (5.6) | | >48–60 | 1 (2.7) | 5 (3.5) | | Age group of caregivers | | | | | | | | <20 | 1 (2.7) | 10 (7.5) | 4.477 | 0.345 | — | — | | >20–25 | 4 (10.8) | 24 (18.0) | | >25–30 | 13 (35.1) | 51 (38.3) | | >30–35 | 12 (32.4) | 31 (23.3) | | >35–40 | 7 (18.9) | 17 (12.8) | | Marital status of the caregivers | | | | | | | | Single | 0 (0) | 2 (1.4) | 2.034 | 0.565 | — | — | | Married | 25 (67.5) | 109 (76.2) | | Divorced | 7 (18.9) | 19 (13.3) | | Widowed/widower | 5 (13.5) | 13 (9.1) | | Education level of the caregivers | | | | | | | | No formal education | 29 (78.4) | 103 (72.0) | 13.515 | 0.004∗∗ | 0.058 | 0.439 | | Primary school dropout | 2 (5.4) | 35 (24.5) | | Primary school | 4 (10.8) | 4 (2.8) | | Secondary school and above | 2 (5.4) | 1 (0.7) | | Number of children per household | | | | | | | | 1 | 11 (29.7) | 50 (34.9) | 1.010 | 0.908 | — | — | | 2 | 20 (54.1) | 68 (47.6) | | 3 | 6 (16.2) | 23 (16.1) | | 4 | 0 (0) | 2 (1.4) | | Number of people per household | | | | | | | | 1-2 | 2 (5.4) | 4 (2.8) | 8.114 | 0.618 | — | — | | 3-4 | 13 (35.1) | 45 (31.5) | | 5-6 | 15 (40.5) | 57 (39.9) | | 7-8 | 6 (16.2) | 33 (23.1) | | 9-10 | 1 (2.7) | 3 (2.1) | | 11-12 | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | | Sources of family income | | | | | | | | Wages | 9 (24.3) | 32 (22.4) | 1.158 | 0.282 | — | — | | Own business | 12 (32.4) | 65 (45.5) | | Agriculture | 4 (10.8) | 12 (8.4) | | No income | 12 (32.4) | 34 (23.8) | | Source of domestic water | | | | | | | | Public tap | 12 (32.4) | 35 (24.5) | 1.857 | 0.395 | — | — | | Private tap | 25 (67.6) | 104 (72.7) | | Dam | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | | River | 0 (0) | 3 (2.1) | | Water storage | | | | | | | | Jerry cans | 24 (64.9) | 80 (55.9) | 0.959 | 0.327 | — | — | | Tank | 13 (35.1) | 63 (44.1) | | Sanitary facility | | | | Communal pit latrine | 15 (40.5) | 42 (29.4) | | Private pit latrine | 22 (59.5) | 101 (70.6) | | Caregiver handwashing practice | | | | | | | | After visiting toilet | 13 (35.1) | 41 (28.7) | 1.985 | 0.371 | — | — | | Before preparing/cooking food | 2 (5.4) | 19 (13.3) | | Before meals | 22 (59.5) | 83 (58.0) | | With soap and water | 9 (24.3) | 35 (24.5) | 0.141 | 0.708 | — | — | | With water only | 28 (75.7) | 108 (75.5) | | Healthcare-seeking facility | | | | | | | | Private clinical/pharmacy | 3 (8.1) | 17 (11.9) | 0.425 | 0.514 | — | — | | Public health facility | 34 (91.9) | 126 (88.1) |
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∗∗shows significance.
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