With the rapid development of precision medicine, targeted therapy of tumors has made great advances. However, tumors of the same type were found to harbor different molecular alterations such as specific receptor, transporter, and cell expression levels before and even during the targeted therapy. Molecular imaging allows mapping of disease markers in vivo and disease biology understanding. It promotes targeted therapy by therapeutic effect prediction, early response evaluation, and therapeutic regimen determination in preclinical and clinical settings. Molecular imaging technologies are being recognized as the one of most valuable tools in the field of precision medicine, which will make individual treatment decisions for better patient outcome care.

The main focus of this special issue will be on the recent advances of molecular imaging for targeted treatment strategies in precision medicine. We particularly take an interest in manuscripts that report on targeted therapeutics of molecular imaging for tumors, but not limited to tumors. This special issue accepts original research articles as well as review articles that will show a diversity of new developments in these areas.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Molecular imaging guided therapy in targeted chemotherapy, internal radiotherapy, and precision surgery
• New advances in molecular imaging for prediction, monitoring, and early response evaluation of targeted therapy in preclinical and clinical settings
• Applications in targeted therapy of malignant tumors and benign disease, such as inflammation/immune disorders and heart and brain disorders (AD, PD)
• Molecular imaging in passive targeted therapy such as chemoembolization, brachytherapy, drug-encapsulated implant, and nanoparticle
• New target spot such as specific gene, receptor, transporter, antigen, and synthesized targeting probes
• PET, SPECT, MR, ultrasound, fluorescence, photoacoustic, and multimodal imaging