Left Ventricular Flow Analysis: Recent Advances in Numerical Methods and Applications in Cardiac Ultrasound
Figure 1
Echo particle image velocimetry study of normal heart. (a) Epicardial echo scan. Notice the well-defined LV boundary. Anatomic structures are labeled. After injection of microbubbles, digital transfer, and offline tracking, (b) early and (c) late diastolic inflows and vortex are mapped by velocity vectors and isovelocity streamlines. Blue, green, and red colors indicate low, mid, and high flow velocities, respectively.
