Haptic-Based Neurorehabilitation in Poststroke Patients: A Feasibility Prospective Multicentre Trial for Robotics Hand Rehabilitation

Table 3

Kinematic changes due to the treatment.

Scenario	Before treatment	After treatment	𝑃 value
Touch
Time [s]	4.42±1.62	2.96±0.65	𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟐^a
Velocity [m/s]	0.076±0.021	0.082±0.024	0.074^a
Jerk metric [1/s^2]	−11.82±2.56	−12.76±2.44	0.273^a
Normalized jerk [adim]	1332.55±1336.04	341.00±270.02	𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟔^b
8-shape
Time [s]	16.64±10.50	10.50±3.96	𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟐^b
Velocity [m/s]	0.100±0.022	0.089±0.017	0.943^a
Jerk metric [1/s^2]	−9.50±2.49	−11.64±2.15	𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟐^a
Normalized jerk [adim]	26304.06±41387.15	7851.91±21227.78	𝟎.𝟎𝟏𝟑^b

The statistical significance value was considered for 𝑃≤0.05, emphasized in bold.
aWilcoxon signed-rank test.
bPaired-Samples 𝑡 test.