|
| Method | Advantages | Disadvantages |
Invasiveness | Duration of the operation |
|
| Surgical resection | Removes a large amount of tumor tissue | (i) Total resection of glial tumors is not possible
(ii) Volume of the removed tumor is estimated subjectively by the surgeon | + | Time of surgery is 3.4 hours |
|
| Neuronavigation | Minimum required size craniotomy | Depends on brain motion fluctuations | + | At least 30 min is required before the operation |
|
| Ultrasonography | (i) Visualizes the tumor site and surrounding tissues
(ii) Does not depend on the displacement of brain structures during operation | Insufficient resolution | − | |
|
| Magnetic resonance tomography | (i) High degree of sensitivity
(ii) Allows determining the presence of residual tumor | (i) High cost
(ii) Inability to combine it with a microscope
(iii) The difficulty of the technical implementation | − | Time of surgery is 5.1 hours |
|
| Fluorescence diagnostics | (i) Allows determining the tumor and its borders
(ii) Possibility of simultaneous photodynamic therapy and the residual tumor resection of the primary boundary zone | (i) Depends on variability in the intensity of fluorescence
(ii) Insufficient degree of sensitivity | + | Time of surgery is 3.4 hours |
|
| Contrast enhanced ultrasound | (i) Visualizes, differentiates, and diagnoses the tumor feeding arteries and draining veins with nonrelated vessels feeding the healthy brain tissue
(ii) Increasing of the degree of radical surgery | (i) Contrast agent accumulates in the interstitial space
(ii) Does not work if vessels have been coagulated | − | |
|
