Research Article

Continuous Readout versus Titer-Based Assays of Influenza Vaccine Trials: Sensitivity, Specificity, and False Discovery Rates

Table 3

Clinical influenza vaccine study group comparisons using data from mPLEX-Flu, HAI, and MN assays.

DayGroup comparisonmPLEX-FluHAIMN
(SE)p value (SE)p value (SE)p value

0Multiple vs. primed0.78 (0.21)0.00020.25 (0.29)0.40030.25 (0.34)0.4658
Multiple vs. unprimed1.28 (0.23)0.27 (0.31)0.39120.54 (0.36)0.1362
Primed vs. unprimed0.50 (0.19)0.01090.02 (0.23)0.92980.29 (0.26)0.2698

7Multiple vs. primed0.29 (0.21)0.1831−0.41 (0.30)0.1648−0.47 (0.34)0.1736
Multiple vs. unprimed1.32 (0.25)0.96 (0.31)0.00241.72 (0.36)
Primed vs. unprimed1.04 (0.21)1.37 (0.23)2.19 (0.26)

14Multiple vs. primed0.08 (0.21)0.7010−0.40 (0.29)0.18070.13 (0.34)0.7005
Multiple vs. unprimed1.25 (0.25)1.56 (0.31)2.97 (0.36)
Primed vs. unprimed1.17 (0.21)1.95 (0.23)2.84 (0.26)

28Multiple vs. primed0.44 (0.22)0.0483−0.17 (0.29)0.5571−0.15 (0.34)0.6559
Multiple vs. unprimed1.32 (0.25)1.65 (0.31)2.41 (0.36)
Primed vs. unprimed0.88 (0.21)1.83 (0.23)2.56 (0.27)

56Multiple vs. primed0.31 (0.21)0.1388−0.08 (0.29)0.7819−0.16 (0.34)0.6306
Multiple vs. unprimed1.16 (0.24)1.14 (0.31)0.00031.35 (0.36)0.0003
Primed vs. unprimed0.85 (0.21)1.22 (0.23)1.51 (0.27)

180Multiple vs. primed0.72 (0.20)0.00060.10 (0.29)0.72930.21 (0.34)0.5351
Multiple vs. unprimed1.46 (0.24)0.89 (0.32)0.00501.10 (0.36)0.0027
Primed vs. unprimed0.75 (0.21)0.00030.79 (0.23)0.00080.89 (0.27)0.0010

Overall meanMultiple vs. primed0.56 (0.18)0.00210.04 (0.23)0.85010.13 (0.28)0.6547
Multiple vs. unprimed1.31 (0.20)0.88 (0.24)0.00031.30 (0.29)
Primed vs. unprimed0.75 (0.17)0.84 (0.17)1.17 (0.20)

Note. Linear mixed models were used to fit the data from the mPLEX-Flu, HAI, and MN assays with adjustment for dose, age at enrollment, gender, ethnicity, and batches. Pairwise comparisons were used to compare overall group differences and group differences at each day for the three vaccine groups ( means estimated differences between groups, SE means standard errors associated with , , and ).