Shape Prediction of Nasal Bones by Digital 2D-Photogrammetry of the Nose Based on Convolution and Back-Propagation Neural Network

Table 3

Performance of CNN-BPNN predicting facial landmarks and its morphology applied from five CNN models.

Evaluate metrics		ConvNet	InceptionV3	MobileNet	DenseNet	VGG19
Training and validation stage		0.582	0.836	0.957	0.884	0.919
	MAE (mm)	2.323	1.529	0.176	0.631	0.352
Testing stage		0.331	0.749	0.934	0.912	0.871
	MAE (mm)	3.412	1.738	0.281	0.442	0.597