CMOS Realization of All-Positive Pinched Hysteresis Loops

Table 2

Summary of several analog circuits with pinched hysteresis and actual analog memristor emulators to date and their designs. MB: multiplier block; OPA: operational amplifier; CCII: second-generation current conveyors; AH: additional hardware, which may be in the form of buffers, multiplexers, diodes, inverters, switches, and so forth; I/D: incremental/decremental memristance emulation. The number (#) of transistors refers to the discrete number of external transistors. An OTA was used here in place of an OPA.

Reference [ ]	MB	OPAs	CCIIs	# of trans.	AH	Quadrant	I/D
[6]	1	—	3	—	Yes	2	Both
[7]	—		2	—	No	2	I
[8]	1	—	2	—	No	2	I
[9]	—	2	1	2	No	2	D
[10]	1	5	—	10	Yes	2	Both
[11]	—	2	1	1	No	2	I
[12]	—	—	3	1	No	2	I
[13]	1	2	—	—	Yes	2	D
[14]	1	—	2	—	Yes	2	I
[15]	—		1	2	No	2	Both
[16]	—	—	4	—	Yes	2	NA
This work	—	2	—	2	No	1	D