Comparing Project Complexity across Different Industry Sectors

Table 9

Elements of the TOE framework most contributing to complexity.

Those elements most contributing to complexity	Sector A; Process industry	Sector B; Construction industry	Sector C; ICT industry	Sector D; High-tech industry	Sector E; Food industry
T-elements
Uncertainties in scope	X	X
Dependencies between tasks		X	X
Involvement of different technical disciplines		X		X
Unclarity of project goals	X
Nonalignment of project goals	X
Project duration		X			X
Technical risks				X
Size in CAPEX				X
Number of tasks				X
Variety of tasks				X
Strict quality requirements					X
O-elements
High project schedule drive	X	X	X	X	X
Lack of resource and skills availability	X	X			X
Interfaces between different disciplines		X	X
Lack of trust in project team	X
Building logistics and accessibility		X
Internal stakeholders					X
E-elements
Variety of external stakeholders’ perspectives	X	X	X
Interference with existing site/projects	X	X			X
Political influence		X	X
Number of external stakeholders		X
Remoteness of location		X
Lack of company internal support	X
Lack of experience in the country	X
Dependencies on external stakeholders			X
Company internal strategic pressure			X		X
Level of competition				X