Forecasting Financial Crashes: Revisit to Log-Periodic Power Law

Table 5

Unit root test for LPPL residuals. We reject the null hypothesis; that is, the residuals have a unit root, at 1% significance level ().

Index	ADF	PP
NASDAQ	−3.88	−4.60
NIKKEI	−3.43	−4.22
HSI	−4.69	−5.31
SSEC	−3.54	−3.66