Research Article

Bipartisanship Breakdown, Functional Networks, and Forensic Analysis in Spanish 2015 and 2016 National Elections

Figure 3

(a, b) Heat maps of the entropy index (, see the text) at the municipality level (the darker and the lower the entropy is, the more the bipartisan system is) for 2015 elections (a) and 2016 elections (b). Entropy is larger (leading to more heterogeneous vote and less bipartisanship) closer to cosmopolite cities (e.g., Madrid and Barcelona). Overall, this index is approximately constant over time ( in 2015 and in 2016), similar to the results obtained using the bipartisanship index.
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