Cognitive Network Science: A Review of Research on Cognition through the Lens of Network Representations, Processes, and Dynamics

Table 1

Examples of cognitive networks and their cognitive application.

Cognitive Network	Nodes	Edges	Relevant research areas
Semantic network	Words	Semantic relationships, including free associations, shared features, taxonomic, cooccurrence, semantic roles	Language acquisition; cognitive aging; semantic priming; creativity/insight; cognitive search and navigation; semantic memory
Form similarity network	Words	Phonological or orthographic similarity	Lexical retrieval; production; speech errors; memory recall; word learning
Syntactic network	Words; phrases; sentences	Cooccurrence; parse trees; syntactic dependencies	Language acquisition; language evolution; syntactic learning
Concept network	Concepts; ideas	Cooccurrence; causal; feature similarity	Learning; memory; concept formation
Informational network	Shapes; pictures; any unit of information	Temporal cooccurrence; communication; transmission	Statistical learning of external structure; information transmission
Clinical, personality networks	Symptoms; personality traits; items on a questionnaire	Statistical relationship such as partial correlations; comorbidity	Clinical psychopathology; personality disorders
Social network	People	Friendship; followers on social media; face to face interactions	Collective problem solving; decision making; echo chambers; polarization