Research Article

Cascading Failures Analysis Considering Extreme Virus Propagation of Cyber-Physical Systems in Smart Grids

Algorithm 2

Cascading failure model considering interactions between ECNs (SIR model as an example).
Input: Electrical network information and parameters,
communication network information and parameters, , ,
, ,
Output: , , , ,
Step 1: Initialization: t = 0 s, , , ,
, , , , , and
.
Step 2: WHILE
Electrical network:
Step 3: Forced branch outage: IF the corresponding
vertexes coupled with the branch are in
, add the branch to and trip it.
Step 4: Overloaded branch tripping: IF the overload
operation time of in ,
and the fault packages between the corresponding vertexes
and control center are exchanged successfully, add to
, and delete from ; ELSE, IF , add to
, and delete from
Step 5: Network splitting: Detect and split the electrical
network. IF there exists the forced outage branch
due to the splitting, add to .
Step 6: Network operational status: Calculate the power
flow over . IF is overloaded,
calculate of by Equation (19), and add to .
Communication network:
Step 8: Infectious vertexes detection: IF the infection time
of the candidate vertex in is equal to
t, add to and delete it from .
Step 10: Removal of vertex detection: IF the removal time
of the candidate vertex in is equal to
t, add to , and delete it from .
Step 7: Virus propagation: The susceptible vertex
contracts the virus with probability
according to Equation (6). IF gets infected, delete
from , add to , and label its infectious time .
Step 9: Vertex immunization: The infected vertex
is immunized with the probability according to
Equation (6). IF obtains immunity, delete from , add
to , and label its immunity time .
Step11: ; END WHILE.