Research Article
A Hybrid Neural Network BERT-Cap Based on Pre-Trained Language Model and Capsule Network for User Intent Classification
Table 6
The performance comparison of different methods using F1 score measure.
| Methods | F1 score |
| CNN + domain template | 0.899 | Lib-SVM + n-gram | 0.912 | CNN + rules | 0.926 | CNN + ensemble learning | 0.929 | LSTM + domain dictionary | 0.941 | LR + character + POS tags + target words + semantic tags | 0.945 | BERT-Cap + focal loss | 0.967 |
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