As other complex systems, economics and finance are complex systems composed of different agents and dynamic changing interactions between agents. The economic system and financial markets have long been analyzed as complex systems with the perspective of the dynamic interactive among heterogeneous agents. In the past few decades, several severe economic and financial crises have caused scholars to pay more attention to the structure and dynamics of economic and financial systems, and have increased our requirements for economic and financial system modelling. The nonlinear complex idea of modelling the economic and financial system into networks has been widely used. For example, modelling the time series of prices or returns of goods, indices or stocks into the network to find the structure and hub agents as well as the mechanism of systematic risk, modelling the complex interactive relations among economies or agents by trade, investment, or debit or credit relationship, and so on. Hundreds of publications have talked about the complex features of economic and financial complex systems using complex network models. Normally, in the economic and financial networks, nodes are used to represent agents, such as banks, listed companies, countries, and regions. Edges are used to represent the relationships between agents, such as inter-bank lending relationships, competition and cooperation relationships between listed companies, and trade relations between countries and regions. However, the heterogeneity, dynamics, and interactivity of economic and financial systems pose challenges for modelling economic and financial networks.

The heterogeneity of economic and financial networks is mainly reflected in two aspects. The first is the heterogeneity of the agents. There are many types of agents in the financial market, and the differences between them are called the heterogeneity of the agents. For example, there are products such as gold and oil in the market, and companies that produce and sell these products, and institutional investors and retail investors who purchase products and company shares. The second is the heterogeneity of relationships. There are differences in the relationship between different subjects. Such as price transmission relationship between products, and a joint ownership relationship between companies. Even if they are the same agents, the relationship between them is not unique. Therefore, the modelling of economic and financial networks needs to consider the heterogeneity of agents and heterogeneity of relationships. Furthermore, the economic and financial markets are dynamic networks. The real-time changing prices of commodities and the ever-changing financial data and stock performance of listed companies all reflect the dynamic characteristics of economic and financial networks. How to reflect this dynamic in economic and financial networks is one of the biggest issues that scholars focus on. At present, some studies have incorporated time attributes into the modelling of the network, that is, the use of temporal networks to represent real dynamic systems has achieved good results. In addition, economic and financial network agents have different interactions under the same or different environmental conditions. The changing interactions between agents can be characterized by dynamics, reflecting the time-varying dynamics of economic and financial networks.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to collect original research and review articles on economic and financial network modelling, focusing on the heterogeneous, dynamic, and interactive features of economic and financial systems. Reconstructing the economic and financial systems that are in line with reality and contributing to the structure and dynamics of economic and financial networks.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Advanced modelling approaches of economic and financial temporal networks
• Multi-agent modelling of economic and financial networks
• Identification of interaction relationships between economic and financial networks
• Modelling dynamics in economic and financial networks
• Modelling economic and financial multilayer interdependence networks