Hydrogen Production Technologies: Current State and Future Developments

Table 1

Hydrogen production technologies summary.

Technology	Feedstock	Efficiency	Maturity
Steam reforming	Hydrocarbons	70–85%	Commercial
Partial oxidation	Hydrocarbons	60–75%	Commercial
Autothermal reforming	Hydrocarbons	60–75%	Near term
Plasma reforming	Hydrocarbons	9–85%*	Long term
Biomass gasification	Biomass	35–50%	Commercial
Aqueous phase reforming	Carbohydrates	35–55%	Med. term
Electrolysis	H2O + electricity	50–70%	Commercial
Photolysis	H2O + sunlight	0.5%*	Long term
Thermochemical water splitting	H2O + heat	NA	Long term

∗Hydrogen purification is not included.