Acute Abdominal Compartment Syndrome following Extraperitoneal Bladder Perforation

Table 1

Differences in resulting pathophysiology between transurethral bladder perforation and transurethral prostate perforation.

	Transurethral bladder perforation	Transurethral prostate perforation
Mode of fluid absorption	Absorbed across the peritoneal membrane	Direct intravascular entry
IAH with potential ACS	Yes	No
Fluid compartment affected	Extra- and intracellular, intravascular	Intravascular
Respiratory	Atelectasis due to abdominal girth expansion, pulmonary oedema due to TBW overload	Pulmonary oedema due to intravascular fluid overload
Cardiovascular	Relative hypovolaemia, hypotension	Hypertension and bradycardia followed by hypotension
Neurological	Decreased GCS	Decreased GCS
Gastrointestinal	Decreased perfusion due to ACS and hypotension	Unlikely to be affected