Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava (PLSVC) with a Connection to the Azygos System: Case Report and Clinical Implications

Figure 4

Left internal jugular venogram (late phase) demonstrating PLSVC with continuation into the hemiazygos vein. Collaterals cross midline from left to right into the azygos vein at the T8 and T9 levels with subsequent drainage into the right SVC. There is visualization of streaming of contrast outlining the lateral margin of the SVC (short arrows) and right atrium (long arrows).