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Lesion | Age | Sex | Site | Clinical appearance | Consistency | Progression |
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Fibroma | Common in 3rd, 4th, and 5th decade | M : F = 1 : 2 | Common on labial mucosa | Elevated, smooth surfaced, sessile, or pedunculated nodule of normal pink color. Usually small to rarely several cm in size | Firm | Slowly growing |
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Lipoma | Usually in 4th decade | M : F = 1 : 1 | Less common on lower lip | Smooth surfaced, yellowish, sessile or pedunculated, asymptomatic, nodular mass. Usually less than 3 cm in size | Soft and freely movable | Slowly growing |
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Hemangioma | Infancy | M : F = 1 : 3 | Lip is a common site | Flat or raised, deep red or bluish red, and seldom well circumscribed | Readily compressible, blanch and filling slowly when released | Rapidly growing for initial 6–10 months and then slowing in growth and involute |
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Varix | Older adults | | Lip is a common site | Asymptomatic, nontender, bluish-purple nodule | Firm | |
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Traumatic neuroma | Middle aged adults | Slightly more common in females | Lower lip is a common site | Smooth surfaced, nonulcerated nodule of normal color with history of trauma. Usually less than 1 cm | Digital pressure may cause considerable pain | Slowly growing |
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Salivary duct cyst | Adults | | Lip is a common site | Smooth surfaced, bluish swelling | Soft and fluctuant | Slowly growing |
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Epidermoid cyst | 3rd and 4th decade | M : F = 2 : 1 | Lip is a fairly common site | Painless, round, flesh colored to yellowish-white nodule present midline | Firm and mobile | Slowly growing |
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Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | 2nd to 7th decade | Slight female predilection | Lower lip is a common site | Low grade tumor appears as a painless mass seldom exceeding 5 cms in diameter. High grade tumor produces pain, numbness, and ulceration. Minor salivary gland tumors have blue or red color | Low grade is usually soft and fluctuant, while high grade tumor is firm | Low grade tumor slowly enlarging, while high grade tumor rapidly enlarging |
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Amelanotic or blue nevi | Usually in younger patients | Predominant in women | Labial mucosa is a fairly common site | Asymptomatic, round or oval, raised or slightly raised, and sessile growth of normal or blue-black color | Soft to firm | Slowly growing |
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Granular cell tumor | 4th to 6th decade of life | M : F = 1 : 2 | Lip is a less common site | Asymptomatic, sessile, pink or yellowish nodular mass | Firm and immovable | |
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Lymphangioma | Usually present at birth | M : F = 1 : 1 | Lip is a less common site | Asymptomatic tumor mass of pink or purple color with pebbled surface | Soft | |
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Pyogenic granuloma | Mostly in children and young adults | Female predilection | Lip is a fairly common site | Smooth, pedunculated or sessile, pink to red to purple colored, few mms to several cm in size, and painless swelling | Soft | May exhibit rapid growth |
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