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S. number | Name of the lesion | Clinical features | Radiographic features | Histological features | Biochemical analysis |
PTH | Ca | P |
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(1) | Primary hyperparathyroidism (present case) | Older aged women are commonly affected by predilection for mandible | Unilocular or multilocular radiolucency | Numerous multinucleated giant cells, areas of hemosiderin, and osteoid are seen | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
(2) | Central giant cell granuloma | Common in younger individuals and occur in the anterior region of the jaw | Unilocular or multilocular radiolucency | Prominent but not numerous multinucleated giant cells, groups of collagen fibers, numerous foci of extravasated blood, and hemosiderin | — | — | — |
(3) | Giant cell tumor or osteoclastoma | Common in third decade of life | Unilocular or multilocular radiolucency | Giant cells are scattered uniformly; areas of necrosis are seen | — | — | — |
(4) | Aneurysmal bone cyst | Younger individuals | Multilocular with honeycomb or soap bubble appearance | Cavernous or sinusoidal blood filled spaces, multinucleated giant cells, hemosiderin pigment, and new osteoid formation are seen | — | — | — |
(5) | Noonan-like multiple giant cell lesion syndrome | Autosomal dominant multiple congenital anomaly disorder, characterised by short stature, craniofacial dysmorphisms, and congenital heart defects (CHD) | Multilocular radiolucency | Numerous multinucleated giant cells, spindle shaped fibroblasts, and perivascular cuffing are seen | — | — | — |
(6) | Cherubism | Painless, symmetric jaw lesions involving common maxilla | Multilocular radiolucencies with ground glass appearance | Numerous multinucleated giant cells, spindle shaped fibroblasts, and perivascular cuffing are seen | — | — | — |
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