Bilateral Postoperative Cyst after Maxillary Sinus Surgery: Report of a Case and Systematic Review of the Literature

Table 1

Overview of clinicopathological features of PMCs obtained from the literature.

Author	Year	Patient (age, gender)	Initial symptoms	Location maxillary sinus	Radiographic features	Initial surgery (cause)	Time after initial surgery (years)
[10]	2014	47 m	Pain, swelling, pressure	R & L	n.a.	CL	28
		65 f		R		CL	50
		35 f		L		CL	10
		61 f		R		CL	23
[11]	2013	60 m	Swelling	R	Unilocular radiolucency	Augmentation	11
[12]	2012	45 f	Swelling and pain	L	Radiolucent lesion	CL	2
		28 m		R		CL	13
		49 f		L		CL	26
[2]	2010	54 f	Repeated swelling	L	Unilocular radiolucency; expansion into surrounding soft tissue	“A maxillary sinus surgery”	8
[4]	2009	60 f	n.a.	R	Smooth & lobulated borders	n.a.	n.a.
		58 m	n.a.	R		n.a.	41
		44 f	n.a.	L		n.a.	22
		75 f	n.a.	R		n.a.	60
		59 m	n.a.	R & L		n.a.	15
		75 f	n.a.	L		n.a.	55
		64 m	n.a.	L		n.a.	40
[13]	2009	18 males, 20 females; (mean 46,5 years)	n.a.	n.a.	Completely opacified maxillary sinus with evidence of expansion	CL	21
[14]	2009	56 f	Discomfort	R	Unilocular, translucent area with radiodense borders	CL	3
[15]	2009	35 f	Swelling	Midline of the palate	Well-defined cyst	Le Fort I osteotomy	7
[16]	2003	32 m	Chronic dull pain and tenderness	L	Extensive unilocular cystic lesion related to the left maxilla and causing marked expansion and thinning of the surrounding bone	Le Fort I osteotomy	15
[17]	2003	31 f	pain	L	Opacification of the left maxillary sinus	Le Fort I osteotomy	15
[18]	2000	28 m	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	CL	4
		72 m					20
		57 f					25
[19]	2000	41 f	None	L	Round, well-defined cystic cavity	Maxillary sinus augmentation	0.5
[20]	1993	15 males, 9 females; (mean 47,4 years)	Most had pain and extraoral swelling	n.a.	Unilocular cysts	Maxillary surgical intervention	8–55
[21]	1993	50 m	Exophthalmos and diplopia	L	Mucocele protruding into the left orbit	CL	31
		61 f		L		CL	43
[22]	1990	39 f	Pain, swelling, pus	L	(I) n.a.	(I) Le Fort III osteotomy	4
		21 m		L	(II) Cystic lesion	(II) Le Fort II osteotomy	3/5
		38 m		L	(III) Cystic lesion	(III) Le Fort I osteotomy	3
[23]	1990	41 m	Swelling, pain, pus, tenderness, discomfort	R & L	13 cysts were involved the sinus completely, 12 were multilocular, 13 exhibited incomplete septa	Operations for maxillary sinusitis	21
		47 f		L			27
		33 m		R & L			15
		52 m		R & L			32
		40 f		R & L			25
		37 m		R & L			22
		45 f		R & L			24
		57 m		R			18
		68 m		R & L			43
		36 m		R & L			14
		63 m		L			25
		44 m		R & L			26
		57 m		R			40
		52 m		L			15
		37 m		R & L			22
		50 m		R & L			26
		36 f		R			23
		63 m		L			27
		54 m		L			10
		38 f		L			24
		49 f		R & L			25
		67 m		R			48
[24]	1988	9 males and 12 females; 25 to 74 years (mean of 43.7 years)	Tenderness, pain, swelling	19x unilateral; 2x bilateral	Cystic lesions	Antral surgery	7–39; (mean 20)
[25]	1988	21 m	Swelling and pain	R	Large radiolucent area	Apicoectomies of the buccal roots	1/2
[26]	1987	28 m	Tenderness, pain, swelling, facial distortion, diplopia	R	Lucent, expansive lesion with dehiscence in the bony wall	CL bilateral	14
		85 m		R		CL right	50
		57 f		R		Rights sinus surgery	49
		33 m		R		n.a.	n.a.
		65 m		R		CL right	49
[7]	1980	66 f	Swelling and tenderness	L	Small oval shaped radiolucency with a well-defined margin and with surrounding sclerotic bone in the right maxillary sinus	CL bilateral	40
		33 f		L		CL bilateral	19
[5]	1979	80 males, 52 females, 11–71 years	Pain	n.a.	Mucocele and bony erosion	CL	12–43
[27]	1978	19 m	Swelling, tenderness, fistula	L	Cystic lesions with well-defined margins and partly irregular shape and destructive growth	Operation on maxillary sinus	6
		53 m		L			35
		36 m		R			20
		39 m		L			6
		29 f		L			15
		21 m		L			7
		36 m		L			20

m: male, f: female, R: right, L: left, n.a.: not available, and CL: Caldwell-Luc operation.